Showing posts with label Bows and Windows. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Bows and Windows. Show all posts

Thursday, May 21, 2009

Alternative Energy Blog, Solar-Wind-Bio-Power-Green Careers-Latest Google News Search and Commentary By_Green Earl


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NQ economic groups push for solar plant
Magnetic Island News - Magnetic Island,Australia


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By admin


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My Own Analysis - Pros And Cons Of Residential Solar Energy System
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[YESWECANSOLVEIT] Fw: [RenewableEnergyAdvocatesforObama] Fwd: Climate Vote Coming -- What's at Stake?

Thursday, May 21, 2009 6:15 AM
From:"Earl Allen Boek"
View contact details
To:"YESWECANSOLVEIT"

Al Boek, Redding, CA.
530-549-4315

http://ApprenticeTalkRadio.ning.com

http://yeswecansolveit.blogspot.com

http://my.barackobama.com/page/group/yeswecansolveit





--- On Wed, 5/20/09, John Bonitz wrote:


From: John Bonitz
Subject: [RenewableEnergyAdvocatesforObama] Fwd: Climate Vote Coming -- What's at Stake?
To: "Renewable Energy Advocates for Obama"
Date: Wednesday, May 20, 2009, 5:33 PM

Friends,

I know many of you are concerned about climate change, and want us to
pass a law to fix it. This note is for you. I know others of you are
skeptical. Here's your chance to hit the delete key.

Citizens need to know that the current legislative proposals in
Congress to fix climate change are weak and being severely weakened.
Although some of the very large environmental groups in DC are still
supporting the Waxman-Markey bill (aka, American Clean Energy and
Security act - ACES), many other environmental groups are troubled
with the flaws.

At this point, I understand that the Cap & Trade title being
considered in the House has been weakened by massive allocations of
pollution rights to the polluters. In carving-up the right to
pollute, the hope was that we would use the market to benefit people
and the environment. By selling these CO2 pollution permits, we would
raise revenues to help the less fortunate in society as we all grapple
with rising energy costs. That was the idea. But in reality, it's
not worked out so well.

From what I'm told, only about 15% of the pie will go to low and
moderate income people. 36% goes to electric utilities and carmakers.
At least 60% of the revenues derived from the bill will go to the
very people who have got us into this mess.

I note that great numbers of economists find this unacceptable: 600 of
them agreed that giving credits away to polluters for free will only
saddle consumers with higher prices while polluters walk away with
windfall profits.
http://www.1sky.org/pressroom/2009/03/600-economists-sign-on-to-support-auctions

There is an argument that we should pass this weak Cap & Trade bill
now, while we have the political will and opportunity. If the bill
hadn't given away the whole pie, but merely had weak caps and
timelines, I would agree. But once you give away the right to
pollute, it becomes an entitlement, and we'll never be able to take it
away. Every industry receiving these windfall funds will fight tooth
and nail to keep them in future.

For these reasons, I am deeply concerned that groups like EDF are
promoting this as good policy. (See below.) And fundraising on it,
to boot.

Here's James Hansen's take on the situation:
http://itsgettinghotinhere.org/2009/05/04/hansen-hopes-lawmakers-cap-and-trade-approach-to-climate-will-fail/

Watch carefully, folks. We Americans are contemplating the single
largest giveaway in human history. It is literally the
commoditization of the atmosphere: If we don't get it right, the
implications are global.

Sincerely,

John Bonitz
Pittsboro, NC
~~~~~~~~~~~~~




---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: David Yarnold, Environmental Defense Action Fund
Date: Wed, May 20, 2009 at 7:47 AM
Subject: Climate Vote Coming -- What's at Stake?
To: john.bonitz@gmail.com


Dear John,

Only 5 days left to match your emergency donation.

Please donate now and your gift will be matched dollar-for-dollar.

Even as we celebrate the President's historic proposals on fuel
economy, the House Energy and Commerce Committee is finalizing work on
landmark climate legislation. A vote could come at any time but the
outcome is far from certain.

If the Committee votes yes, it would set the stage for historic action
in the full House and Senate.

If the Committee votes no, our legislative team says it could be years
before we get this close again. There are just too many other key
priorities on the President's agenda.

We need your help to seize this critical momentum and keep the pressure on.

And if you donate before Memorial Day, your emergency donation to
Operation: Climate Vote will be matched dollar-for-dollar.

The opposition is doing everything they can to defeat this bill. A new
report from the Center for Responsive Politics reveals that in the
first three months of 2009, our opponents spent $80 million on direct
lobbying alone.

That figure doesn't include the tens of millions more spent on
political contributions and paid advertising.

And to add insult to injury among the lavishly paid hired guns working
to defeat climate legislation are top Bush Administration
environmental officials -- many of the same officials who worked to
block action over the last 8 years.

We're at a make-or-break moment.

Your donation right now will go twice as far to help us ramp up our
campaign efforts, buy more ad time, and do more on-the-ground field
work.

Here's what we plan to do with your emergency donation:

Our Air Campaign -- We have placed hard-hitting truth-telling ads in
key states and those all-important swing Congressional districts to
help secure the votes to get a strong bill passed. With your donation,
we can buy more ads to shore up swing votes on Committee.

Our Ground Campaign -- Our grassroots organizing team is going door to
door and community to community to raise public concern and mobilize
voters to demand a strong bill in Washington. Your donation will help
keep these efforts going.

Our Cyber Campaign -- Through our Truth Squad blog and our Operation:
Climate Vote hub page, we are using the power of the Internet to
identify the false claims and scare tactics of the climate deniers,
and to shine a spotlight on their cynical efforts to stop progress.

Your support will give us the resources we need to intensify our
online communications efforts.

For only 5 more days, your emergency contribution will be matched
dollar-for-dollar.

Your donation will never make a bigger difference than it will today.

One way or another, we are making history in 2009. Whether this
becomes the year we changed America's direction or the one in which we
lost one of our last great opportunities to act is up to us.

Please join me.

Sincerely,

David Yarnold
President, Environmental Defense Action Fund

Unsubscribe.


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Go to Google News Alert for: wind, wind careers, wind projects, wind financing, wind jobs

Steelcase's Vision for an Eco-Friendly Future: 'Radical Evolution'
Reuters - USA


And although we were doing a lot of things inside of our company to minimize the energy consumption of our company, we decided to invest in a wind farm. ...

See all stories on this topic

Europe's largest on-shore wind farm turned on
People & the Planet - London,UK


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Senate Foreign Relations Committee Hearing
Trading Markets (press release) - Los Angeles,CA,USA


By 2020, 15 percent of all energy is to come from wind, biomass, solar and hydropower energy, compared to its current 7 percent. China projects that it will ...

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Financing Renewable Energy Projects After the Stimulus
Linex Legal - London,UK

The deadline is 2012 for wind farms. It is 2013 for biomass, landfill gas and marine energy projects. It is 2016 for solar, geothermal and fuel cell ...

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Voluntary CO2 market trade doubled in 2008 -report
guardian.co.uk - UK


Renewable energy projects like wind and solar now account for over half of volumes, up from 27 percent in 2007. Asia tightened its grip on the market last ...

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Wind Watch: Mountain land won't be for sale
Robert E. McCarthy Jr., tree warden and member of the Forestry Commission, said
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Brasscheck TV: Who owns the water?
Thursday, May 21, 2009 1:43 AM

From:
"Brasscheck TV"
View contact details
To:"Al"


Who owns the water on your land?

You do, unless you've sold the rights.

The federal government would like to
cut out the middleman - you - and take
control over it...in the interests of
protecting it.

Details:

http://www.brasschecktv.com/page/625.html

- Brasscheck

P.S. Please share Brasscheck TV e-mails and
videos with friends and colleagues.
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The latest from Yahoo! News: Most Emailed - Odd News

* Glass water bowl and sun start fire at Wash. home (AP)
* Exam result "stolen" for official's daughter (Reuters)
* Australian high-roller sues casino (AFP)
* Not without my chauffeur (Reuters)
* Cash flies out of convertible on motorway (Reuters)
* Sexy "Venus" may be oldest figurine yet discovered (Reuters)
* Woman beaten up over asparagus prices (Reuters)
* Ohio man pleads guilty to shooting at tractor (AP)
* Police: Pittsburgh student used snake as jump rope (AP)
* Boy, 4, walks home from Pittsburgh school midday (AP)
* 43 snails on his face? Boy hopes he set a record (AP)
* Dylan "poem" on sale was actually Hank Snow song (Reuters)
* Man trying to burn anthill scorches acre in Mich. (AP)

Glass water bowl and sun start fire at Wash. home (AP) Top
AP - Fire officials in Washington state said a sunny day and a dog's glass water bowl combined to cause a blaze that charred the back of a home. Bellevue Fire Department Lt. Eric Keenan said investigators determined the glass bowl of water focused sunlight enough to act like a magnifying glass and start the fire on the home's wood deck Sunday.

Exam result "stolen" for official's daughter (Reuters) Top
Reuters - A Chinese police official has been arrested for stealing another girl's exam results and passing it off as his daughter's to ensure her a place in college, a newspaper said on Wednesday.

Australian high-roller sues casino (AFP)
AFP - A compulsive Australian gambler banned from Sydney's casino blew more than two million dollars (1.5 million US) on the card tables in a neighbouring state in just 43 minutes, a court heard.

Not without my chauffeur (Reuters)
Reuters - Daniel Bouton, the former head of Societe Generale who was forced out after constant public criticism over the French bank's record trading losses, will be allowed to have a chauffeur for one more year.

Cash flies out of convertible on motorway (Reuters) Top
Reuters - A man lost 23,000 euros ($31,180) to the wind when an envelope with the money he had stuck in the passenger seat pocket of his convertible blew away during a test drive in northern Germany.

Sexy "Venus" may be oldest figurine yet discovered (Reuters) Top
Reuters - A sexually suggestive Venus figurine with oversized breasts and thighs dates back at least 35,000 years and shows ancient humans had sex on their minds, researchers said Wednesday.

Woman beaten up over asparagus prices (Reuters) Top
Reuters - German police are searching for a motorist who beat a 24-year-old woman selling white asparagus because he was upset about her asking price for the coveted springtime vegetable, police said on Monday.

Ohio man pleads guilty to shooting at tractor (AP) Top
AP - A central Ohio man who fired five gunshots at a tractor being used to mow a ditch along his property has pleaded guilty to felonious assault and could be sent to prison. Pickaway County prosecutor Judy Wolford says Randall Turner entered the plea Friday. The 53-year-old Turner faces two to eight years in prison.

Police: Pittsburgh student used snake as jump rope (AP) Top
AP - Pittsburgh police say a high school student is facing charges for using a biology class snake as a jump rope.

Boy, 4, walks home from Pittsburgh school midday (AP) Top
AP - Pittsburgh school officials are trying to figure out how a 4-year-old boy slipped away from his preschool in the middle of the school day and walked to his home about a mile away.

43 snails on his face? Boy hopes he set a record (AP) Top
AP - Never mind the ick factor, a Utah boy is trying to get into the record books by covering his face with live snails. Eleven-year-old Fin Keheler, from Sandy, allowed 43 of the slimy mollusks to be put on his face Saturday. He wants the Guinness World Records to verify his effort.

Dylan "poem" on sale was actually Hank Snow song (Reuters) Top
Reuters - A "poem" purportedly written by a teenage Bob Dylan and up for auction at Christie's is actually a song written by the late Canadian country singer Hank Snow, the auction house said on Wednesday.

Man trying to burn anthill scorches acre in Mich. (AP) Top
AP - A man who tried to burn an anthill in west-central Michigan started a blaze that damaged about an acre of land. The Daily News of Greenville reported the fire was set Tuesday afternoon in Lakeview, about 40 miles north-northeast of Grand Rapids. The flames quickly spread to a nearby wooded area.


Thanks For The Visit_Green Earl

Friday, May 1, 2009

Financing Solar, Wind, Bio, Equipment, Renewable Energy Projects, Leasing

Google News Alert for: solar power,solar energy, solar careers, solar electric, solar pv, solar photovoltaic


Schools explore alternative energy
Whidbey Examiner - Coupeville,WA,USA


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Appreciate the visit...Come Again_Green Earl

Monday, February 23, 2009

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Thursday, January 29, 2009

Al Gore, On Obama's Plan To Repower America, Energy, Solar, Wind, Renewable, Alternative, Leasing, Green Careers, Jobs, Audit, Eco-Consultants Wanted Nationwide

Posted by Al Boek, Founder
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Redding,CA. 96003

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Repower America

* The Plan|
* Press

Energy Efficiency

Energy Efficiency
+ Renewable Generation

Renewable Generation
+ Unified National Smart Grid

Unified National Smart Grid
= 100% Clean Electricity

100% Clean Electricity
and Clean Plug-in Cars

Clean Plug-in Cars

The Analysis

What does it mean that all electricity generation within 10 years will be met only by zero-carbon sources of power? The We Campaign, with assistance and advice from dozens of energy experts, assessed the potential for meeting electricity demand from a combination of well-understood sources: improved energy efficiency, renewable sources like wind, solar, and geothermal, and fossil fuel power plants that capture and store their carbon pollution. Generation from existing carbon-free sources like conventional hydropower and nuclear power plants was assumed to remain unchanged from current levels.

The assessments uncovered a variety of plausible Repower America scenarios. These scenarios are illustrative: none represent the precise electricity mix in ten years. New and unanticipated technologies will emerge. Others will play a lesser role as competition drives the market. The exact timing of the ramp-down of conventional fossil fuel plants will be in part determined by the ramp-up of the various renewable plants, storage types, and grid advancement.

These scenarios demonstrate, however, that technology availability is not the factor limiting achievement of the Repower America goal. It will be possible to achieve a 100% clean power mix over the next ten years if appropriate policies are put in place to unleash the technologies’ vast potential.
The Scenarios

We considered one reference case and two alternative scenarios for the US electricity mix in a decade and compared them to today’s portfolio.1 For context, the bar chart below shows the 2006 electricity resource mix and the Energy Information Administration’s reference case forecast for 2020.

* 2006 DOE Actual Generation: The most recent data available, the 2006 mix from the US Department of Energy (DOE), is a good representation of today’s generation: predominantly coal, nuclear, natural gas, conventional hydropower, and small contributions from renewable energy.
* 2020 EIA Reference Case Projection (Repower America projected demand target): This is the DOE’s Energy Information Administration projected electricity generation in 2020 under the 2008 Annual Energy Outlook Reference Case. It assumes that electricity generation grows from approximately 4 million GWh in 2006 to 4.7 million GWh in 2020. This 2020 level of generation represents the target for the Repower America scenarios. The EIA’s projections include additional conventional coal and natural gas with modest increases in renewable power to meet growing demand.

* Repower America Scenario A: Energy efficiency policies and programs reduce demand by 28%, nuclear and hydropower – neither of which emits CO2 – remain at current levels, America ramps up wind consistent with recent sectoral growth rates, solar thermal with storage is deployed at scale, and solar PV and geothermal grow at levels consistent with the projections of industry experts.

* Repower America Scenario B: Like Scenario A, includes a mix of efficiency, renewables, and existing generation but assumes fossil fuel industries deploy approximately 20 large coal and natural gas power plants that capture and sequester their CO2 emissions (these are known as coal and natural gas plants with CCS). Wind levels are reduced commensurate with the additional contribution from fossil power with CCS.
* Additional Scenarios: As referenced earlier, there are numerous possible pathways for reaching 100% clean electricity by 2020 — it would be impossible to predict exactly what technologies will comprise the mix. Once the transformation to a system that is highly efficient, renewables–based and connected via a unified smart grid commences, a variety of configurations become possible. For example, industry experts indicate that the 2020 generation mix could include larger contributions from geothermal, solar photovoltaics, and other rapidly emerging renewable technologies — along with new ways to improve efficiency. A modernized grid diminishes the magnitude of traditional baseload plant required for system stability, potentially allowing decreased reliance on aging nuclear power resources. For reference, the ranges described below represent Scenarios A, B, and portfolios with higher geothermal and solar PV levels supported by industry analysis.

The Scenario Details:

Start with carbon-free power at today’s levels: In all scenarios, today’s generation from nuclear and conventional hydropower is held constant. These two sources combined provide over 1 million GWh or 23% of the 2020 projected demand.

Immediately begin an efficiency upgrade – getting more benefit from the electricity we produce: With a suite of national policies and programs, energy efficiency improvements achieve 28% reduction from the 2020 projected demand. Implementing this efficiency target will immediately help families and businesses save money on utility bills.

Continue growth of geothermal power: Baseload geothermal power, which harnesses the energy stored below the ground and has been operating in the US for decades, will continue to grow during the time period. The scenarios assume a total of 20-25GW installed within 10 years or about 3%-4% of the projected demand (or 4%-5% of the annual generation). The scenarios assume the geothermal is mainly conventional hydrothermal power within the timeframe.

Ramp up solar thermal with storage, which can produce power at night: Based on proven technologies, grow the manufacturing capacity and installation of solar thermal power to levels that will support daytime and at least 8 hours of nighttime power. The analysis assumes 10%-13% of the projected demand (or 14%-18% of the annual generation), or 110-180GW.

Continue America’s leadership on wind: Continuing the double digit levels of growth seen over the past several years for this proven technology, scale up wind to 315-400 GW or between 23%-27% of the projected demand (and 33%-37% of the annual generation). This amount of wind would require 125,000-200,000 2-2.5 MW wind turbines distributed around the country in locations on-shore and off-shore. For comparison, 300,000 airplanes were built in the US during WWII.2

Continued solar PV growth at industry expected rates: Based on the average annual growth rate of 40% since 2000 and the recent announcements for gigawatt-scale solar PV projects in California, continue industry growth to achieve 3%-6% of the projected demand (or 4%-8% of the annual generation). At the lower end (Scenarios A and B), this is 65-75GW, which is in the range of the CleanEdge “Utility Solar Assessment” for 2020-2021. At the high end, it is 120-150 GW, which brings CleanEdge’s forecast for those levels forward by three years.3

Coal and natural gas that captures and safely stores the carbon pollution: Coal and natural gas power that are free of carbon pollution can be part of Repower America. Although no such power plants exist in America today, a variety of experts indicate that with significant research and testing, a few such pilot power plants may be in operation within 10 years. As a result, Scenario B assumes 20 GW of large scale plants or about 4% of the generation. Other than these facilities, which must remove at least 85% of the CO2 pollution and safely store it underground, fossil fuel generation is excluded from the Repower America clean electricity scenarios.

Other generation: The remainder of the generation will come from other sources. These include biomass power (the levels in EIA’s 2020 reference case are assumed), which can encompass many sources of carbon-free electricity like agricultural or wood residues and municipal waste, and, once it becomes proven, advanced hydropower that uses the energy from waves, currents, and tides (the scenarios do not assume specific levels of advanced hydro in the time frame).

Transmission and storage: An expanded and robust unified national smart grid that enables power everywhere to be interconnected, monitored, and supported by storage is an essential component of the Repower American plan. This requires a combination of upgrades and additional long-distance and short-distance high voltage transmission lines, advanced distribution systems with demand response and smart metering, and storage with today’s systems and new systems as they become available. See Unified National Smart Grid for more details.
Is materials or land availability a limiting factor?

There are virtually no material or land constraints in the scenarios. An analysis of the types of materials needed to Repower America shows that expansion of production and manufacture of many materials and components is required but the additional requirements are much less than or in line with other demands today. Using a 10-year average annual material requirement for steel, glass, and concrete, there does not appear to be any fundamental lack of materials. For example, the amount of steel required for production of 25,000 wind turbines in one year is equivalent to 8% of 2006 US steel production. Solar thermal requires significant production of glass, and wind requires significant expansion of materials for turbine blades. This manufacturing will expand jobs and local economies.

For land, wind estimates would require a total area approximately the size of West Virginia, although wind farms can be co-located with agriculture. And, if sited together, all of the estimated solar thermal would fit in an area equivalent to metropolitan Atlanta.
Experts Support Repower America Analysis
Validation

Find out what the experts are saying about the plan to Repower America with 100% clean electricity within 10 years.

References

* The Repower America goal is based on clean energy growth within the next decade. However, to ease comparisons of industry and government projections, the scenario analysis used a 2020 timeframe.
* http://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/wwii_book_excerpt.html
* CleanEdge. “Utility Solar Assessment”. 2008.

A project of The Alliance for Climate Protection

Copyright © Repower America 2008. All Rights Reserved. Legal & Privacy | Contact Us

Repower America

* The Plan|
* Press

Energy Efficiency

Energy Efficiency
+ Renewable Generation

Renewable Generation
+ Unified National Smart Grid

Unified National Smart Grid
= 100% Clean Electricity

100% Clean Electricity
and Clean Plug-in Cars

Clean Plug-in Cars

The Analysis

What does it mean that all electricity generation within 10 years will be met only by zero-carbon sources of power? The We Campaign, with assistance and advice from dozens of energy experts, assessed the potential for meeting electricity demand from a combination of well-understood sources: improved energy efficiency, renewable sources like wind, solar, and geothermal, and fossil fuel power plants that capture and store their carbon pollution. Generation from existing carbon-free sources like conventional hydropower and nuclear power plants was assumed to remain unchanged from current levels.

The assessments uncovered a variety of plausible Repower America scenarios. These scenarios are illustrative: none represent the precise electricity mix in ten years. New and unanticipated technologies will emerge. Others will play a lesser role as competition drives the market. The exact timing of the ramp-down of conventional fossil fuel plants will be in part determined by the ramp-up of the various renewable plants, storage types, and grid advancement.

These scenarios demonstrate, however, that technology availability is not the factor limiting achievement of the Repower America goal. It will be possible to achieve a 100% clean power mix over the next ten years if appropriate policies are put in place to unleash the technologies’ vast potential.
The Scenarios

We considered one reference case and two alternative scenarios for the US electricity mix in a decade and compared them to today’s portfolio.1 For context, the bar chart below shows the 2006 electricity resource mix and the Energy Information Administration’s reference case forecast for 2020.

* 2006 DOE Actual Generation: The most recent data available, the 2006 mix from the US Department of Energy (DOE), is a good representation of today’s generation: predominantly coal, nuclear, natural gas, conventional hydropower, and small contributions from renewable energy.
* 2020 EIA Reference Case Projection (Repower America projected demand target): This is the DOE’s Energy Information Administration projected electricity generation in 2020 under the 2008 Annual Energy Outlook Reference Case. It assumes that electricity generation grows from approximately 4 million GWh in 2006 to 4.7 million GWh in 2020. This 2020 level of generation represents the target for the Repower America scenarios. The EIA’s projections include additional conventional coal and natural gas with modest increases in renewable power to meet growing demand.

* Repower America Scenario A: Energy efficiency policies and programs reduce demand by 28%, nuclear and hydropower – neither of which emits CO2 – remain at current levels, America ramps up wind consistent with recent sectoral growth rates, solar thermal with storage is deployed at scale, and solar PV and geothermal grow at levels consistent with the projections of industry experts.

* Repower America Scenario B: Like Scenario A, includes a mix of efficiency, renewables, and existing generation but assumes fossil fuel industries deploy approximately 20 large coal and natural gas power plants that capture and sequester their CO2 emissions (these are known as coal and natural gas plants with CCS). Wind levels are reduced commensurate with the additional contribution from fossil power with CCS.
* Additional Scenarios: As referenced earlier, there are numerous possible pathways for reaching 100% clean electricity by 2020 — it would be impossible to predict exactly what technologies will comprise the mix. Once the transformation to a system that is highly efficient, renewables–based and connected via a unified smart grid commences, a variety of configurations become possible. For example, industry experts indicate that the 2020 generation mix could include larger contributions from geothermal, solar photovoltaics, and other rapidly emerging renewable technologies — along with new ways to improve efficiency. A modernized grid diminishes the magnitude of traditional baseload plant required for system stability, potentially allowing decreased reliance on aging nuclear power resources. For reference, the ranges described below represent Scenarios A, B, and portfolios with higher geothermal and solar PV levels supported by industry analysis.

The Scenario Details:

Start with carbon-free power at today’s levels: In all scenarios, today’s generation from nuclear and conventional hydropower is held constant. These two sources combined provide over 1 million GWh or 23% of the 2020 projected demand.

Immediately begin an efficiency upgrade – getting more benefit from the electricity we produce: With a suite of national policies and programs, energy efficiency improvements achieve 28% reduction from the 2020 projected demand. Implementing this efficiency target will immediately help families and businesses save money on utility bills.

Continue growth of geothermal power: Baseload geothermal power, which harnesses the energy stored below the ground and has been operating in the US for decades, will continue to grow during the time period. The scenarios assume a total of 20-25GW installed within 10 years or about 3%-4% of the projected demand (or 4%-5% of the annual generation). The scenarios assume the geothermal is mainly conventional hydrothermal power within the timeframe.

Ramp up solar thermal with storage, which can produce power at night: Based on proven technologies, grow the manufacturing capacity and installation of solar thermal power to levels that will support daytime and at least 8 hours of nighttime power. The analysis assumes 10%-13% of the projected demand (or 14%-18% of the annual generation), or 110-180GW.

Continue America’s leadership on wind: Continuing the double digit levels of growth seen over the past several years for this proven technology, scale up wind to 315-400 GW or between 23%-27% of the projected demand (and 33%-37% of the annual generation). This amount of wind would require 125,000-200,000 2-2.5 MW wind turbines distributed around the country in locations on-shore and off-shore. For comparison, 300,000 airplanes were built in the US during WWII.2

Continued solar PV growth at industry expected rates: Based on the average annual growth rate of 40% since 2000 and the recent announcements for gigawatt-scale solar PV projects in California, continue industry growth to achieve 3%-6% of the projected demand (or 4%-8% of the annual generation). At the lower end (Scenarios A and B), this is 65-75GW, which is in the range of the CleanEdge “Utility Solar Assessment” for 2020-2021. At the high end, it is 120-150 GW, which brings CleanEdge’s forecast for those levels forward by three years.3

Coal and natural gas that captures and safely stores the carbon pollution: Coal and natural gas power that are free of carbon pollution can be part of Repower America. Although no such power plants exist in America today, a variety of experts indicate that with significant research and testing, a few such pilot power plants may be in operation within 10 years. As a result, Scenario B assumes 20 GW of large scale plants or about 4% of the generation. Other than these facilities, which must remove at least 85% of the CO2 pollution and safely store it underground, fossil fuel generation is excluded from the Repower America clean electricity scenarios.

Other generation: The remainder of the generation will come from other sources. These include biomass power (the levels in EIA’s 2020 reference case are assumed), which can encompass many sources of carbon-free electricity like agricultural or wood residues and municipal waste, and, once it becomes proven, advanced hydropower that uses the energy from waves, currents, and tides (the scenarios do not assume specific levels of advanced hydro in the time frame).

Transmission and storage: An expanded and robust unified national smart grid that enables power everywhere to be interconnected, monitored, and supported by storage is an essential component of the Repower American plan. This requires a combination of upgrades and additional long-distance and short-distance high voltage transmission lines, advanced distribution systems with demand response and smart metering, and storage with today’s systems and new systems as they become available. See Unified National Smart Grid for more details.
Is materials or land availability a limiting factor?

There are virtually no material or land constraints in the scenarios. An analysis of the types of materials needed to Repower America shows that expansion of production and manufacture of many materials and components is required but the additional requirements are much less than or in line with other demands today. Using a 10-year average annual material requirement for steel, glass, and concrete, there does not appear to be any fundamental lack of materials. For example, the amount of steel required for production of 25,000 wind turbines in one year is equivalent to 8% of 2006 US steel production. Solar thermal requires significant production of glass, and wind requires significant expansion of materials for turbine blades. This manufacturing will expand jobs and local economies.

For land, wind estimates would require a total area approximately the size of West Virginia, although wind farms can be co-located with agriculture. And, if sited together, all of the estimated solar thermal would fit in an area equivalent to metropolitan Atlanta.
Experts Support Repower America Analysis
Validation

Find out what the experts are saying about the plan to Repower America with 100% clean electricity within 10 years.

References

* The Repower America goal is based on clean energy growth within the next decade. However, to ease comparisons of industry and government projections, the scenario analysis used a 2020 timeframe.
* http://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/wwii_book_excerpt.html
* CleanEdge. “Utility Solar Assessment”. 2008.

A project of The Alliance for Climate Protection

Copyright © Repower America 2008. All Rights Reserved. Legal & Privacy | Contact Us

Tuesday, January 20, 2009

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